doing so, and by insisting that they learn in silence and with submissiveness, the author has effectively reduced the pool of possible heretical teachers. This section is similar to 1 Cor. 14:33b–36, a passage which is not likely to be from the hand of Paul, for, among other reasons, it is not consistent with 1 Cor. 11:5.8 It appears to be a later interpolation, perhaps based on 1 Tim. 2:11–12, but in any case reflecting a similar view. In order to maintain his position, the author provides a “proof”